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TODAY IN MILITARY HISTORY
252BC Cn. Cornelius Scipio Asina celebrated a Triumph for defeating the Carthaginians -- Learn More
0    Feast of St. Turibius of Mogrovejo, Patron of Peru, of Native Americans, and of Scouts
0    Roman Festival of the Tubilustrium - Purification of the War Trumpets
625    Battle of Uhod: The Quriesh defeat the Moslems
752    Election of Pope Stephen II (23-26 Mar 752)
1026    German King Conrad II declares himself King of Italy
1153    Treaty of Konstanz between Frederik I Barbarossa & Pope Eugene III
1208    Pope Innocent III excommunicates King John and lays England under interdict until the Crown restores ecclesiastical rights
1568    Peace of Longjumeau: ends French Second War of Religion (1567-1568)
1603    Emperor Go-Yozei declares Tokugawa Ieyasu Shogun of Japan (1603-1616), establishing the Tokugaw Shogunate that woud rule until 1868
1630    French capture Pinerolo, Piedmont
1657    France and England conclude an alliance against Spain
1775    Patrick Henry says ". . . give me liberty or give me death!"
1801    Accession of Tsar Alexander I of Russia (1801-1825) -- Learn More
1806    French defeat Fra Diavolo at Santa Oliva, near Itri -- Learn More
1806    Lewis & Clark reach the Pacific Coast
1808    Napoleon makes his brother Joseph King of Spain
1815    USS 'Hornet' captures HMS 'Penguin' in just 22 minutes, though the War of 1812 has been over for more than three months
1849    Battle of Novara: Austrians defeat the Piedmontese
1849    Brescians begin a 10-day uprising against the Austrians (fails, Apr 1)
1862    Battle of Kernstown, Va: Jackson begins his Valley Campaign
1864    Skirmish at Camden, Arkansas
1865    First black troops muster into the Confederate Army, c. 200 men at Ricmond
1871    The training vessel HMS 'Eurydice" founders in a storm off the Isle of Wight, two of her 319 crew and trainees survive.
1879    Battle of Calama: Chileans defeat the Bolivians
1882    USN establishes the Office of Naval Intelligence
1901    Brig Gen Frederick Funston personally captures Emilio Aguinaldo
1903    The Wright Brothers receive a patent for their airplane
1915    British form the Zion Mule Corps
1918    Lithuania proclaims independence from Russia
1918    Paris is shelled by German very-long range artillery
1918    The Union League Club of New York presents colors to the 367th Infantry, the city's s black draftee regiment, as it prepares to ship out for France
1919    Benito Mussolini founds the Fascist Party, Milan
1933    The Reichstag grants Hitler dictatorial powers
1934    Congress establishes the Commonwealth of the Philippines, and authorizes a transition to independence in 1946
1942    Andaman Is: Japanese 18th Div occupies Port Blair
1942    Lublin, Poland: 2,500 Jews massacred by the Germans
1944    RAF Flight Sergeant Nicholas Alkemade survives a 5,500 m fall without a parachute after his Lancaster is hit near Berlin
1945    Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser newly formed "British Pacific Fleet" joins the USN in the Central Pacific as TF 37/57
1956    Pakistan is proclaimed an Islamic Republic within the Commonwealth
1956    Sudan becomes independent of Anglo-Egyptian control
1957    US army sells its last homing pigeons
1965    Gemini 3 launched, first US 2-man space flight (Grissom & Young)
1998    Mass shooting at a middle school in Jonesboro, Arkansas; five die, ten are wounded.
2003    USMC Task Force Tarawa captures An Nasiriyah after a hot fight.

BORN
1514    Lorenzino de' Medici, author, later murderer of his kinsman Duke Alessandro "il Moro" de' Medici of Florence in 1537, murdered in turn by his kinsman Duke Cosimo I de' Medici of Florence in 1548
1754    Baron Jurij Vega, Hapsburg artilleryman, d. 1802
1769    Augustin Daniel Belliard, le comte Belliard et de l'Empire, French general, d. 1832
1818    Don Carlos Buell, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1898
1825    Edward Lloyd Thomas, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1898
1883    Faisal ibn Hussein ibn Ali, King of Syria (1920), King of Iraq (1921-1933), friend to Lawrence
1887    Prince Felix Yussupov, who would kill Rasputin, d. 1967
1912    Werner von Braun, Nazi rocket scientist who got over, d. 1977
1915    Vasily Grigoryevich Zaytsev, noted sniper (c. 400 kills), Hero of the Soviet Union, d. 1991

DIED
1369    King Pedro "the Cruel" of Castile & Leon (1350-1369), 34, murdered
1555    Pope Julius III - Gianmaria Ciocchi del Monte (1550-1555), at 67
1653    Johan van Galen, Dutch admiral, kia at c. 48
1801    Tsar Paul I (1796-1801), strangled at 46
1819    Augustus Frederick von Kotzebue, German dramatist, 56, assassinated by a theology student at Mannheim
1842    Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), author ("The Charterhouse of Parma"), at 59
1994    Luis Donaldo Colosio, 44, Mexican presidential candidate, assassinated in Tijuana
2006    Desmond Doss, 87, conscientious objector who had earned a Medal of Honor as a medic on Okinawa