| 490 | BC | the Athenians and Plataeans defeated the Persians in the Battle of Marathon -- Learn More |
| 0 | | Feast of St. Nicholas of Tolentino, Patron of Mariners |
| 422 | | Election of Pope St. Celestine I (422-432) |
| 1349 | | Massacre of the Jews of Constance, Germany, after which the survivors are burned to death |
| 1435 | | Battle of Piper Dene: The Earl of Angus beats the Earl of Northumberland & Sir Robert Ogle |
| 1776 | | Nathan Hale volunteered for secret service against the British |
| 1813 | | Commo Oliver Hazard Perry met the enemy and they were his in the Battle of Lake Erie -- Learn More |
| 1823 | | Simon Bolivar was named President of Peru -- Learn More |
| 1861 | | Combat at Carnifex Ferry, Va |
| 1862 | | the men of the 1st Penna Cav appointed the US Army's first Jewish chaplain, Rabbi Jacob Frankel |
| 1863 | | Battle of Bayou Fourche, Ark: Union cavalry under Brig. Gen. John W. Davidson raid across the Arkansas River, forcing Confederates under John S. Marmaduke to retire on Little Rock |
| 1899 | | the U.S. Army began recruiting Filipino personnel, the Philippine Scouts -- Learn More |
| 1914 | | the Germans began falling back in France, ending the Battle of the Marne -- https://strategypage.com/cic/docs/cic455b.asp#one |
| 1939 | | Canada declares war on Germany |
| 1940 | | Buckingham Palace hit by a German bomb |
| 1942 | | British conduct landings on Vichy-French controlled Madagascar |
| 1943 | | British Eighth Army occupies Taranto, Italy |
| 1943 | | Battle of the Porta San Paolo: Italian troops and partisans fail to keep the Germans out of Rome, c. 600 kia |
| 1944 | | Elms TF 38 raid the Palau Islands. |
| 1944 | | Sir Frederick Browning says "I think we might be going a bridge too far" |
| 1945 | | Norwegians sentence Nazi-collaborator Vidkun Quisling to death |
| 1976 | | Five Croatian terrorists capture TWA plane at La Guardia Airport, NY |
| 2004 | | Keel laid for USS 'New York' (LPD-21) at Avondale, La |
| 1487 | | Gianmaria Ciocchi del Monte - Pope Julius III (1550-1555) |
| 1731 | | Carter Braxton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1797 |
| 1771 | | Mungo Park, celebrated Scottish explorer ("Travels to the Interior Parts of West Africa"), drowned 1806 |
| 1786 | | Nicolás Bravo Rueda, Mexican Revolutionary, general, Regent of Mexico (1822). President (1839, 1842-1843, 1846), d. 1854 |
| 1810 | | Albert Gallatin Blanchard, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1891 |
| 1815 | | Eleazer Arthur Paine, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882 |
| 1832 | | Randall Lee Gibson, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1892 |
| 1836 | | Joseph Wheeler II, Maj Gen, C.S.A. & U.S., mediocre in either service, d. 1906 |
| 1933 | | Yevgeny V Khrunov, USSR, cosmonaut, d. 2000 |
| 1945 | | Richard M Mullane, USAF, astronaut |
| 210 | BC | Qin Shi Huang (literally: "The First Emperor of Qin"), Emperor of China (220-210 BC) |
| 954 | | King Louis IV d'Outremer of France (936-954), kia, c. 34 |
| 1067 | | Lady Godiva, Countess of Mercia, c. 85. |
| 1148 | | Roberto "il Magnifico" Malatesta, 40, Lord of Rimini (1468-1482), condottiero, murderer, natural causes - unusual in his trade & family |
| 1382 | | King Louis I "the Great" of Hungary and Poland (1342-1382), b. 1326 |
| 1419 | | Duke John "the Fearless" of Burgundy (1404-1419), assassinated by the Dauphin, at 48 |
| 1482 | | Federico III de Montefeltro, 60, Lord (1444-1474) and Duke (1474-1482) of Urbino, Condottiero and Patron of the Arts |
| 1547 | | Pier Luigi Farnese, 43, son of Pope Paul III, Duke of Parma, Piacenza, & Castro, Captain General of the Holy Church, murdered by recalcitrant subjects |
| 1598 | | Francesco Cenci, Roman nobleman, c. 50, bludgeoned to death with a hammer by his children & second wife for raping his daughter (See Sep 11th) |
| 1827 | | Ugo Foscolo, 49, Italian nationalist poet |
| 1862 | | Carlos Antonio Lopez, 71, Dictator/President of Paraguay (1844-1862) |
| 1898 | | Elizabeth of Bavaria, Empress of Austria, Queen of Hungary, wife to Franz Josef, assassinated at 60 by an anarchist -- Learn More |
| 1977 | | Hamida Djandoubi, c. 27, having the honor of being the last person guillotined in France |
| 1990 | | Samuel Kanyon Doe, 39, Dictator/President of Liberia (1980-90), butchered |
| 1992 | | Nathan E. Cook, last veteran of the Spanish-American War, at 106 -- -- Learn More |
| 2011 | | Cliff Robertson, actor ("PT-109"), warbird collector, at 88 and one day |